Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a specialized fertility treatment, has become increasingly popular in Nigeria. This method involves the direct placement of a single sperm into an egg, facilitating fertilization. ICSI offers hope to couples facing infertility challenges such as male factor infertility, low sperm morphology, or prior failed

The utilization of karyotyping as a means of genetic assessment in Nigeria is gaining traction. This cytogenetic technique involves the study of chromosomes to detect abnormalities such as deletions, duplications, or translocations that can contribute to various genetic disorders. While karyotyping has been utilized in developed countries for years